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Date: Thu, 07 Aug 1997 11:33:52 -0700
To: ignition-point@majordomo.pobox.com
From: Paul Andrew Mitchell [address in tool bar]
Subject: IP: Liquid Nitrogen Car
I have a standard Sears torque wrench which
was deformed by the torque generated from
a CO2 retrofit to a standard Chrysler
V-8 engine, running on only 2 cylinders.
The measured torque was many TIMES the
rated torque from internal combustion
of gasoline. The "power" was provided
by rapidly expanding CO2 gas. So, the
principle is sound: the "heat" is provided
by ambient air, which is immensely energetic.
It can float a Boeing 747, fully loaded with
400 passengers and cargo.
/s/ Paul Mitchell
http://www.supremelaw.com
At 12:57 PM 8/7/97 -0500, you wrote:
>Source: http://www.aa.washington.edu/AERP/CRYOCAR/index.html
>
>LN2000:
> The University of Washington's Liquid
> Nitrogen Propelled Automobile.
>
>
>The University of Washington is exploring a concept that uses liquid
>nitrogen (LN2) as a thermal energy storage medium for applications to both
>prime power and transportation. In conventional thermal power cycles, such
>as in automobiles, the heat source is supplied at a temperature
>significantly above ambient, by combustion of hydrocarbons for example, and
>waste heat is rejected to the atmosphere. In LN2000's thermal cycle, heat is
>taken from the atmosphere, and applied to a power source significantly below
>ambient. One may consider the atmosphere itself as the (free) heat source
>for a power cycle. Studies have shown that the realized work of a LN2 energy
>storage system could be more than twice as effective as a battery energy
>storage system, and that in many
>situations, energy storage via LN2 would still be far superior to batteries.
>
>
> The development of
electric-powered
> commuting vehicles is being
>encouraged to
> minimize urban smog in regions of
>high
> automotive traffic density.
>Various states
> and countries are considering
>enacting
> measures such as the California
>law that
> requires 10% of all new vehicles
>sold in the
> state to have no polluting
>tailpipe emissions
> by the year 2,003. While these
>electric
> vehicles may reduce smog in the
local
> urban environment, the overall
> environmental impact of a
>transportation
> infrastructure based on lead-acid
>batteries
> may be very detrimental due to
>the effects
> of increased mining and
processing of
> heavy metals and the problems
>arising from
> their eventual disposal. In
>addition, there
> are potential problems related to
>the safety
> of batteries that could release
>lead and
> sulfuric acid onto the roadway as
>the result
> of a collision. Studies indicate
>that the LN2
> energy storage system has
significant
> advantages, in terms of
>performance and in
> environmental concerns, over both
> lead-acid batteries and the
advanced
> batteries currently under
>development. In
> fact, the large scale
>implementation of LN2
> energy storage systems may
>enhance air
> quality in the long run since
>atmospheric
> contaminants must be removed
>during the
> air separation process.
>
>
>LN2000 utilizes a liquid nitrogen automotive propulsion system that will
>operate on the atmospheric thermal potential, with its only exhaust being
>gaseous N2. Appropriately designed heat exchangers will extract energy from
>the atmosphere to boil and superheat the pressurized cryogen. Utilizing a
>fluid at sub-ambient temperatures simplifies the problem of developing a
>propulsive engine having a nearly isothermal expansion process. Recharging
>the energy storage system would only take minutes rather than hours, as
>required for many electric vehicle concepts. Thus, "Cryomobiles" using a LN2
>propulsion system are well suited for commuter transportation and urban
>fleet applications, and they may be more economical to operate than
>state-of-the-art battery-powered cars having comparable utility.
>
>
> More detailed
> information about
> LN2000's history and
> current research
topics
> is available on
these
> pages or by
contacting
> one of the
researchers
> listed on the
Personnel
> page.
>
> Layman's Car
> Schematic
> Technical
Description
> Heat Exchanger
Design
> Official Press
Release
> CryoCar Picture Page
> Contact CryoCar
> Personnel
>
>
> You can also read
what
> the Seattle Times
>has to
> say about us here.
>
>
>
>You may also want to visit:
>The University of Washington - Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics
>Ram Accelerator at the University of Washington
>The Kirsten Wind Tunnel at the University of Washington
>The University of Washington
>Stanford University
>
>
>A B. Leland Cheung OuiPage
>web: http://www-leland.stanford.edu/~blcheung
>email: blcheung@stanford.edu
>
>[END]
>
>
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>
========================================================================
Paul Andrew Mitchell : Counselor at Law, federal witness
B.A., Political Science, UCLA; M.S., Public Administration, U.C. Irvine
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